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 [转]Panzerkampfwagen III----------装甲三号坦克

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本帖被 hitlerjugend 从 二战历史 移动到本区(2008-08-22)
00]Panzerkampfwagen III
Sd. Kfz. 141 - Ausf. A-H (1937-1941)
Sd. Kfz. 141/1 - Ausf. J-M (1941-1943)
Sd. Kfz. 141/2 - Ausf. N (1942-1943)



文章来源:      http://www.achtungpanzer.com/pz8.htm

Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf A (装甲坦克 III  型号A)

As early as 1934/35, General Heinz Guderian envisioned two basic types to act as the most numerous equipment for the future German Panzer Divisions. The first vehicle was to be armed with anti-tank gun and two machine guns and second one was to be a support vehicle armed with a larger caliber gun. The first one eventually became known as Panzerkampfwagen III, which was to be a standard tank for the three light companies of a tank battalion. The second one became known as Panzerkampfwagen IV.
In 1935, development orders for a 15-ton full-tracked vehicle based on the specifications by Waffenamt were issued to MAN (Nurnberg), Daimler-Benz AG (Berlin-Marienfelde), Rheinmetall-Borsig (Berlin) and Krupp AG (Essen). In order to maintain secrecy, new vehicle was known as Zugfuhrerwagen (ZW) - platoon commander's vehicle. The vehicle was designated Versuchkraftfahrzeug 619, Mittlerer Traktor (Medium Tractor) and 3.7cm Geschutz-Panzerwagen.
早在1934至1935年,General Heinz Guderian(海因茨 古德里安中将)设想了两种基本类型,以便满足将来德国装甲军的大量需要。第一种是配备了一门反坦克炮和两挺机qiang,第二种是配备了一门大口径火炮。第一种最终演变成了我们所熟知的三号装甲坦克,一个营由三个配备这种坦克的轻装连。第二种演变成我们所熟知的四号装甲坦克。
在1935年,关于在奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、戴姆勒-奔驰公司、莱茵钢铁-博尔西格公司、以及克虏伯公司方案基础上研制的15吨全履带式装甲车辆改装型的官方订单。为了保密,新的车辆被称为Zugfuhrerwagen (ZW)牵引引导车,也就是小队长指挥车。车辆被设计为试验载重车辆619,中型拖拉机和安装37毫米火炮的装甲车(坦克)。

Panzerkampfwagen III's development began with a conflict between Waffenamt (the Ordnance Department) and the Inspector for Mechanized Troops about the main armament. Waffenamt selected and was satisfied with 37mm gun, while the Inspector for Mechanized Troops demanded 50mm gun. In the end, 37mm gun was chosen as the main armament of the new vehicle. The decision was based on the fact that the infantry was already equipped with standard 37mm Pak 35/36 L/45 anti-tank gun as well as that only one gun and one type of ammunition had to be produced. The turret and turret ring were still capable of mounting heavier gun as it was selected by the Inspector for Mechanized Troops. Armor protection was to be heavier in the front rather than rear since, new vehicle was to be used in forward elements of assault tank formations. The top speed was specified to be 40km/h. The vehicle was to be operated by the crew of five men, with commander, gunner and loader in the turret and the driver and radio operator in the hull front. The communication between crewmembers was through the use of intercom system. Panzer III was the first of German Panzers to be equipped with intercom system for in-tank communications. Later on all of Panzers were equipped with this device which, proved to be very effective during combat.
三号装甲坦克的发展在武器装备部队和机械化部队有关的主要武器装备的督察员之间,发生了冲突。武器装备部选择了37毫米炮,并且对它非常满意。而机械化部队的督察员选择了50毫米火炮。最后,37毫米炮被选择做为新车辆的主要火炮。作出这个决定是由于步兵部队已经装备了35/36型37毫米45倍径反坦克炮,如果坦克安装同样口径的火炮,则只用生产一种火炮和炮弹。机械化部队的督察员选择了可以安装更重火炮的炮塔和炮塔环。前面的装甲比后面的装甲要厚,因为新的车辆是被用来做先头部队的攻击坦克编队。它的最高速度被规定为40千米每小时。车辆是由五个工作人员操作,包括指挥官、炮长、炮塔里面的装弹员和驾驶员还有车辆前部的通讯兵。全体乘员之间是通过内部通讯联络系统联系的。三号坦克,是第一辆在坦克内部装备通讯联络系统来实现内部通讯的坦克。晚些时候。所有的坦克都配备了这种设备,这种设备也被证明了在战争中是非常有效的。



Krupp's ZW prototype designated as MKA featured leafsprings and bogie wheel mountings type of a suspension. In turn, many features of this vehicle were used in the design of Panzerkampfwagen IV, which was designed by Krupp.
PzKpfw III design was composed of four sections - hull, turret, and front superstructure with the opening for the turret and rear superstructure with the engine deck. Each section was of a welded construction and all four were bolted together. The hull was divided into two main compartments divided by a bulkhead. The front compartment housed the gearbox and steering mechanism and the rear one both the fighting and engine compartment. Basic hull, turret, superstructure and crew layout remained unchanged throughout the production life of Panzerkampfwagen III series.
克虏伯公司ZW的原型是按照MKA(mittler Kampffahrzeuge Ausfuehrung中型军用装甲车系列)的叶状减震系统和悬挂式双轴负重轮特点设计的。反过来,这种车辆的很多特点,被用在了同样是克虏伯公司设计的四号坦克的设计上。
三号坦克的设计由四部分组成:包括外壳、炮塔、front superstructure with the opening for the turret and rear superstructure with the engine deck每个部分都是焊接结构连接,四个部分被螺栓连接在一起。外壳被两个防水板(bulkhead)分成两个部分。前面的车舱放变速箱和操纵设备,后面两个为战斗舱和发动机舱。在整个三号坦克系列的生产过程中,基本的车舱、炮塔、上部结构和机组人员是不变的。

After modifications, first Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf A (1-Serie) was produced in May of 1937, by Daimler-Benz with total of 10 produced until the end of 1937 (chassis numbers 60101-60110). Some sources state that as many as 15 were manufactured. Only eight of Ausf As were armed (and equipped units of 1st, 2nd and 3rd Panzer Division and took part in Anschluss, take-over of Sudetenland and Polish Campaign) and other unarmed Ausf As were used for further testing.
In 1937, Ausf B (2-Serie) was produced by Daimler-Benz with total of 15 produced (chassis numbers 60201-60215). Number of Ausf Bs saw service during the Polish Campaign. In October of 1940, five Ausf B tanks were modified and used as prototypes of Sturmgeschutz III series.
In June of 1937, next variant Ausf C (3a-Serie) was produced by Daimler-Benz and its production ended in January of 1938 with total of 15 produced (chassis numbers 60301-60315). Number of Ausf Cs saw service during the Polish Campaign.
在修改之后,第一辆三号Ausf A 型坦克,由戴姆勒-奔驰公司生产,于1937年5月问世。截至1937年底,一共生产了10量改型号坦克。(地盘编号为60101-60110)一些消息表明,有15量三号坦克被制.造。仅有8辆安装了武器(装备了第1、第2和第3装甲师,参加了德奥合并、接管苏台德地区和波兰战役),其他没有安装武器德主要用于更进一步的试验。
Ausf B(2系列)由戴姆勒-奔驰公司于1937年生产出来,一共生产出15量。(底盘编号为60210-60215)一些Ausf B在波兰战役中服役。1940年10月5辆Ausf B坦克被修改并用做为三号突击炮的原型。
Ausf C(3a系列)由戴姆勒-奔驰公司于1937年6月生产出来,于1938年1月停产,一种生产15量(底盘编号为60301-60315)一些Ausf C系列坦克在波兰战役中服役。


In January of 1938, next variant Ausf D (3b-Serie) was produced by Daimler-Benz and its production ended in 1939 with total of 55 produced (chassis numbers 60221-60225 and 60316-60340). Only 30 Ausf Ds produced in two groups of 15 were armed and other 25 unarmed Ausf Ds were used for further testing. Number of Ausf Ds saw service during the Polish Campaign and in Norway.
Early models of Panzer III (Ausf A, B, C and D) were pre-prototypes of the entire series produced exclusively by Daimler-Benz. All were unsuitable for large-scale production and each new model was an improved version of the previous one. Each model featured different type of suspension e.g. Ausf A - individual coil springs, Ausf B - two sets of leaf springs, Ausf C - three sets of leaf springs and Ausf D - angled leaf springs. Ausf A, B, C and D were powered by 250hp petrol Maybach HL 108 TR engines with 5 or 6 speed Zahnradfabrik gearbox. All early models were armed with 37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5 gun and three 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns (two in the turret and one in the hull). Their armor protection ranged from 5 to 15mm offering protection only against anti-tank rifle and machine gun fire. The reason behind inadequate armor protection was a result of Daimler-Benz keeping the vehicle in designated weight range of 15 tons. Some of early models were up-armored and had their maximum armor protection increased to 30mm. Ausf A, B, C had simple drum shaped "dustbin" commander's cupola, while Ausf D had cast cupola similar to that of PzKpfw IV Ausf B.
1938年1月,下一个不同种类的Ausf D(3b系列)由戴姆勒-奔驰公司于1938年1月生产出来,于1939年停产,一种生产55量(底盘编号为60221-60225和60316-60340),仅有30辆D型分成两组,每组15辆安装了武器,其他的25辆D型是没有安装武器,用于做更进一步的试验。在波兰和挪威战役期间看见有部分D型参与了战斗。
早期的三号坦克(Ausf A, B, C 和 D)的整个系列的每种原型都是由戴姆勒-奔驰公司生产的。所有这些都不适合大规模生产,每一个新型号都是先前的改进版本。每种型号有不同的悬挂系统。例如:Ausf A采用独立的板弹簧(individual coil springs),Ausf B采用两套叶状减震系统,Ausf C采用三套叶状减震系统,Ausf D采用叶状减震系统(angled leaf springs)Ausf A, B, C 和D的动力由250马力的迈巴赫红莲108TR型发动机提供,并且有一个5或6速的,由于德国齿轮制.造厂生产的变速箱。所有早起型号都配备37毫米35/36 L/46.5 特制火炮和三挺7.92毫米MG34机qiang(两个在炮塔上一个在车体上)防护装甲为5到15毫米,仅仅抵御反坦克步qiang和机qiang的威胁。后部分装甲保护不充分的原因,是由于戴姆勒-奔驰公司保持车辆的重量在15吨范围内。后来,一些早期的型号加厚了装甲,使得最后的装甲保护达到了30毫米。Ausf A, B, C 和D型号采用简单的鼓型“Dustbin(垃圾箱)”带有指挥官位置的炮塔。其中Ausf D采用的是铸造炮塔,类似于四号坦克的Ausf B型号。


Few of early Panzer IIIs saw actual combat (with units of 1st, 2nd and 3rd Panzer Division) during the Polish Campaign or were troop tested (1937- February 1940). In February of 1940, existing number of early Panzer IIIs was handed over to NSKK for training purposes. Afterwards, only few Ausf D saw service with PzAbt zbV 40 (along with PzKpfw NbFz VI) during fighting in Norway in April/May of 1940, followed by service with PzAbt zbV 40 in Finland, 1941/42.
只有很少的早期装甲三号坦克被投入到实际战役中(投入到第一、二、三装甲师),在波兰战役期间和军队练习中(在1937年到1940年2月)在1940年2月,保留下来的早期的三号坦克为了训练目的交给NSKK。事后,仅仅有很少一部分Ausf D坦克服役于特殊坦克营第40营PzAbt zbV 40 (随着 PzKpfw NbFz VINeubaufahrzeug)在1940年4.5月的挪威战役中,接下来在1941/1942年的芬兰,服役于特殊坦克第40营


Raw Materials Used in Production of PzKpfw III
Steel:                        39000.00kg
Tin:                            1.40kg
Copper:                    60.10kg
Aluminium:              90.40kg
Lead:                        71.10kg
Zinc:                        49.10kg
Rubber:                  125.00kg




附注1:生产一辆三号坦克所耗费的原料
.钢铁  39000.00kg
.锡        1.40kg
.铜        60.10kg
.铝        90.40kg
.铅        71.10kg
.锌        49.10kg
橡胶      125.00kg


In December of 1938, Ausf E (4-serie) entered production and 96 were produced by Daimler-Benz, Henschel and MAN when production ended in October of 1939 (chassis numbers 60401-60496). It was the first PzKpfw III that was produced in significant number. The basic design remained unchanged from its predecessor but it featured new independent torsion bar suspension, designed by Ferdinand Porsche for the automotive industry in 1930s. It was composed of six roadwheels and three return rollers. Ausf E was armed with 37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5 gun and three 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns (two in the turret and one in the hull). Its armor protection ranged from 12 to 30mm. During production escape hatches were installed on both sides of the hull and vision port was added on the superstructure side for the radio-operator. Driver's visor was provided with an upper and lower sliding shutter, which could be closed together. Also two-piece side hatches were installed in the turret. Unlike its predecessors, Ausf E was powered by new 300hp petrol Maybach HL120TR engine with a new Maybach Variorex 10 speed gearbox. It was also heavier than all previous models, which were in 16 ton range and Ausf E was 19.5 tons heavy. From August of 1940 until 1942, all Ausf E tanks were rearmed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun mounted in an external mantlet housing one MG. At the same time, armor protection was increased by installation of 30mm armor plates to the hull front and rear as well as superstructure front. During service number of Ausf E tanks was also reworked to Ausf F standard.
1938年12月,Ausf E (4系列)进入生产,并且由戴姆勒-奔驰公司、亨舍尔公司以及奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂一共生产了96辆,于1939年10月停产(地盘编号为60401-60496)E型坦克是3号坦克中首次开始大规模生产的坦克。它的设计与前期的三号坦克基本没有改变,但是它首次采用了扭杆悬挂装置,由费迪南德保时捷公司在1930年,为汽车工业所设计的。它由6个负重轮和3 个托带轮组成。Ausf E装备一个37毫米35/36 L/46.5特种火炮和三个7.92毫米的MG34机qiang(两个在炮塔上一个在车体上)。它的防护装甲从12到30毫米,生产过程中逃生舱口分别安装在车体的两侧,在车体上部为无线电操作员增加了瞭望口。驾驶员的观察口是一个可以上下滑动的闸板,必要的时候可以封闭起来。在炮塔上分别安装两片侧窗口。不同于之前的是,Ausf E动力由300马力的迈巴赫红莲120TR型发动机提供,拥有一个迈巴赫Variorex 10速变速箱。它比以往所有的型号都要重,其中16吨级和Ausf E19.5吨重。从1940年8月到1942年,所有的E型坦克换装50mm KwK 38 L/42 火炮,in an external mantlet housing one MG。与此同时,车体前部后部及上部结构的前部加装30mm装甲板。在服役中的Ausf E型坦克被改为Ausf F型号坦克。



In September of 1939, another new variant - Ausf F (5-serie) entered production. Until July of 1940, 435 were produced by Daimler-Benz, Henschel, MAN, Alkett and FAMO (chassis numbers 61001-61650). It was refined version of Ausf E and it did not feature any significant modifications or changes other than improved Maybach HL120TRM engine and modified upper hull nose (air intakes). First 335 Ausf F tanks were armed with 37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5 gun and three 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns (two in the turret and one in the hull). Some last 100 tanks were factory armed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun mounted in an external mantlet housing one MG. Ausf F vehicles were fitted with a hull rear mounted rack of five smoke generators remotely released from the turret. Some vehicles were also mounted with a stowage box at the rear of the turret. From August of 1940 until 1942, all 37mm Ausf F just as Ausf E tanks were rearmed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun. They also had their armor protection improved at the same time as it was done to Ausf E tanks. Only 40 Ausf F tanks with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 guns were rushed into service before the end of the French Campaign and saw little or no combat. There is still controversy surrounding this as it is reported that first PzKpfw III armed with 50mm guns entered production in July of 1940. First production Sturmgeschutz III assault guns / tank destroyers were based on Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf F chassis and components. In 1942/43, number of Ausf F tanks was rearmed with 50mm KwK 39 L/60 gun. Rearmed and up-armored Ausf F tanks remained in service as late as June of 1944 (e.g. 116th Panzer Division in Normandy).
在1939年9月,另一个新种类Ausf F(5系列)投入生产。直到1940年7月,由戴姆勒-奔驰公司、亨舍尔公司、奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、阿卡特和PAMO公司,共联合生产了435辆(底盘编号为61001-61650)。改进后的Ausf E没作出太大的修改或改变,除了改为迈巴赫红莲120TR型发动机并且修改了车体上部的进气口。首批335辆Ausf  F型坦克装备有一个37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5 gun37毫米35/36 L/46.5特种火炮和三个7.92毫米的MG34机qiang(两个在炮塔上一个在车体上)。后面的100辆安装了50mm KwK 38 L/42 火跑。Ausf  F型坦克在车体后方,都安装有5个烟雾发生器,有些还在炮塔后部加装了一个储物箱。从1940年8月到1942年,像Ausf E型坦克一样,所有37毫米Ausf F型坦克都换装了50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮,如同E型坦克那样加强了装甲。只有40辆具备50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮的Ausf F坦克,参加了法国战役,并且它们几乎没有参与战斗。关于是否第一辆配有50毫米火炮的三号坦克,出产于1940年7月,仍然有争议。第一批量产的3号突击炮就是使用的3号Ausf F型坦克的底盘及部件。在1942-1934年,大量的Ausf F坦克被换装50mm KwK 39 L/60火炮。换装的Ausf F型坦克一直服役到1944年6月(例如:在诺曼底的116装甲师)



Interesting fact is that the study report of captured PzKpfw III Ausf F made by the British in 1942, was then sent to United States Army Ordnance Department where it was decided to utilize copy of German torsion bar suspension system in future American tanks (e.g. M18 Gun Motor Carriage, M24 Chaffee, M26 Pershing etc.).
In 1940/41, attempts were made to standardize the production of Panzer III and Panzer IV. Few prototypes based on Panzer III Ausf G/H with new large overlapping roadwheels and FAMO suspension were produced - PzKpfw III Ausf G/H mit Schachtellaufwerk. Since 1940, prototypes were used for testing and training purposes. Further development was halted and in 1943/44, prototypes were fitted with dozers and were used to clean up the streets of bombed cities. This suspension was later adopted in Tiger and Panther.
有趣的是,在1942年,英国对缴获的3号Ausf F型坦克进行了研究,随后研究报告被送到了美军装备部。在那里美军决定是否在其未来的装甲车辆上采用扭杆悬挂系统(如M18、M24霞飞坦克、M26潘兴重型坦克等等
在1940-1941年,尝试了对于三号和四号装甲坦克的标准化生产。一些基于三号Ausf F型坦克带有一个大的重叠负重轮和FAMO悬挂系统的原型车出厂,称为装甲三号Ausf G/H mit Schachtellaufwerk。从1940年开始,这些原型车辆被用来试验或者用做训练目的。进一步的发展被中止,在1943/1944年,原型车辆配备了推土机,并被用来清理街头被炸毁的城市。这种悬挂系统后来用在了虎式和豹式身上。


PzKpfw III Ausf G/H mit Schachtellaufwerk
Prototype with new large roadwheels and FAMO suspension.

From April of 1940 to February of 1941, 600 new Ausf G (6-serie) tanks were produced by Daimler-Benz, Henschel, MAN, Alkett, Wegmann, MNH and FAMO (chassis numbers 65001-65950). Ausf G was a slight improvement over previous Ausf E and Ausf F tanks. Some 50 Ausf G tanks were armed with 37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5 gun mounted in an internal mantlet, while the rest with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun mounted in an external mantlet. Both 37mm and 50mm tanks had additional two MG 34 machine guns, one in the turret and other in the hull. Armor protection ranged from 12mm to 30mm, although majority of the protection ranged from 21mm to 30mm. Also new pivoting visor for the driver (Fahrersehklappe 30) was installed. The turret was modified and mounted on the roof with a fan exhaust as well as one signal port was eliminated. Mid-production vehicles were mounted with new type of commander's cupola as used in PzKpfw IV Ausf E, F and G, which became standard on all later models of PzKpfw III. Late production vehicles had wider 400mm tracks instead of standard 360mm tracks. Ausf G was the first to be mounted with the "Rommelkiste" (Rommelbox) - turret mounted storage bin (Gepack Kasten), which then became the standard on all PzKpfw IIIs. From August of 1940 until 1942, all 37mm Ausf G tanks just as Ausf E and F tanks were rearmed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun. Vehicles send to North Africa were equipped with additional air filters and different cooling fan reduction ratio. They were designated Ausf G(Tp), Tp being short for Tropisch / Trop / Tropen - tropical. Small number of Ausf G tanks remained in service as late as September of 1944.
从1940年4月到1941年2月,由戴姆勒-奔驰公司、亨舍尔公司、奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、阿卡特、Wegmann、MNH和PAMO公司,共联合生产了600辆Ausf G(6系列)型坦克(底盘编号为61001-61650)Ausf G型坦克在之前的Ausf E和Ausf F 型坦克上做了轻微的改变。50辆Ausf G安装的是37mm KwK 35/36 L/46.5火炮,剩下550辆坦克装备50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮。在装有37-50毫米火炮的坦克上增设两个MG34机qiang。一个按在炮塔上,另一个按在车体上。装甲厚度在12到30毫米,但是绝大多数的装甲在21到30毫米之间。同时为驾驶员提供了一种新型的观测窗口 (Fahrersehklappe 30)。炮塔被修改并且按在了排气风扇的顶部,同时一个型号口被去掉。中期型的G型坦克安装了和4号Ausf E/F/G型坦克相同的指挥塔,这种指挥塔成为3号坦克以后各型的标准装备。后期型G型坦克的履带由400mm代替了原来的360mm。Ausf G型坦克是第一辆安装有“隆美尔盒子(Rommelkiste)”-炮塔安装一个储物箱,这以后成为了三号坦克的标准配置。从1940年8月到1942年,所有装备37毫米火炮的Ausf G坦克和Ausf E、Ausf F型坦克都从新装备了50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮。在北非服役的G型坦克额外安装有空气过滤器及不同的冷却风扇,这些G型坦克被称为热带型3号Ausf G型坦克(TP-热带的缩写)。到1944年9月,仍有少量的三号Ausf G型坦克在服役。


In October of 1940, Ausf H (7-serie) entered production. It was produced by MAN, Alkett, Henschel, Wegmann, MNH and MIAG until April of 1941 with 308 produced (chassis numbers 66001-66650). Ausf H featured newly designed turret to mount 50mm gun with a single 30mm armor rear plate. Armor protection ranged from 10mm to 30mm but hull front and rear as well as superstructure front had 30mm armor plates bolted on to them increasing the protection. The increase in armor protection in Ausf H neutralized the threat of British 2pdr, Soviet 45mm and American 37mm anti-tank guns. The new six speed Maybach SSG 77 gearbox replaced previously used Variorex. In addition, suspension system was slightly modified and new sprocket and idler wheels were used in Ausf H. Consequently, of weight increase to 21.8 tons due to armor protection increase, torsion bars were strengthen. Originally, Ausf H was armed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun and two MG 34 machine guns but in 1942/43, they were rearmed with 50mm KwK 39 L/60 gun.

Ausf E, F, G and H were designated as Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf E, F, G and H / Sd.Kfz.141.

As of May 10th of 1940, Panzertruppe had only 381 Panzer III models in service, but 135 were lost during the Blitzkrieg in the West.
1940年10月,Ausf H(7系列)进入生产。由奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、Alkett公司、亨舍尔公司、Wegmann、MNH、和MIAG公司联合生产,截至1941年4月共生产308辆(底盘编号为66001-66650)。Ausf H重新设计了炮塔安装了50毫米的火炮,同时后部安有30毫米钢板。装甲厚度在10-30毫米,为了保护,其前部和后部车体以及前部上层结构加装有30mm插销式装甲板。在Ausf H型坦克上增加的装甲保护,是为了压制英国2磅,苏联45mm和美国37mm反坦克炮的威胁。新的 6速迈巴赫SSG 77变速箱取代了先前的Varioes变速箱。此外,悬挂系统略做修改,同时Ausf H型坦克采用了新的链轮和惰轮。由于增加了装甲,车体的重量增加到了21.8吨,扭杆也被加强了。最开始,Ausf H型坦克装备50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮和两挺MG34机qiang。但是在1942-1943年,他们被重新装备上了50mm KwK 39 L/60火炮。三号坦克 Ausf E/F/G的正式编号为Sd.Kfz.141
截至1940年5月10日,德军共装备了381辆3号坦克,但在闪击西欧的时候损失了135辆。



In March of 1941, last Sd.Kfz.141 and first Sd.Kfz.141/1 Panzerkampfwagen III tank - Ausf J (8-serie) entered production. It was produced by Daimler-Benz, MAN, Alkett, Henschel, Wegmann, MNH and MIAG until July of 1942 with 2616 produced (chassis numbers 68001-69100 and 72001-74100). Ausf J had its armor protection significantly improved as it ranged from 10mm to 50mm. Increase in armor was accompanied by installation of new driver's visor (Fahrersehklappe 50) and ballmount (Kugelblende 50) for a 7.92mm MG 34 machine gun in the hull. New type of front access hatches was installed along with new air intakes on the hull front. From April of 1942, 20mm spaced armor was added to the gun mantlet and/or superstructure front. 1549 vehicles produced from March of 1941 to July of 1942 were armed with 50mm KwK 38 L/42 gun and two MG 34 machine guns. Those vehicles were designated as PzKpfw III Ausf J / Sd.Kfz.141. 1067 vehicles produced from December of 1941 to July of 1942, armed with 50mm KwK 39 L/60 and two MG 34 machine guns. Those vehicles were designated as PzKpfw III Ausf J / Sd.Kfz.141/1. The only difference between both models was the main armament and ammunition stowage for 84 in contrast to previous 99 rounds. When encountered in North Africa, British nicknamed 50mm L/60 Ausf J - "Mark III Special" The 50mm L/60 gun was a significant improvement over the original 37mm gun, although it was still inadequate to deal with American M4 Sherman and Soviet T-34/76 tank. In 1941/42, there was an unsuccessful attempt by Krupp to mount Ausf J with Panzerkampfwagen IV Ausf G's turret to create new Panzerkampfwagen III variant designated Ausf K.
1941年3月最后的Sd.Kfz.141和第一批Sd.Kfz.141/1三号坦克,即Ausf J(8系列)坦克投入生产。由戴姆勒-奔驰、奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、Alkett、亨舍尔、Wegmann、MNH和MIAG公司联合生产,到1942年7月工生产了2616辆(地盘编号为68001-69100和72001-74100)。Ausf J型坦克的装甲得到了明显的改进,它的装甲为10-50毫米。增加了装甲同时安装了新的驾驶员观测系统(Fahrersehklappe 50)以及球形机qiang盾(Kugelblende 50)在炮塔上安装7.92mm MG 34机qiang。新型前端进气口沿着车体前方的空气口安装。从1942年4月,在其火炮护盾和/或上部结构的前部加挂20mm附加装甲。从1941年3月到1941年7月,有1549辆安装50mm KwK 38 L/42火炮喝MG34机qiang的坦克被生产。那些车辆被称为PzKpfw III Ausf J / Sd.Kfz.141。从1941年12月到1942年7月,共有1067辆装有50mm KwK 39 L/60火炮和两挺MG34机qiang的坦克出产。那些车辆被称为PzKpfw III Ausf J / Sd.Kfz.141/1。两种型号的唯一不同就是主装甲和彈藥量,先前的彈藥为99枚现在为84枚。在北非和英国遭遇了绰号为"Mark III Special"的50mm L/60 Ausf J型坦克。50mm L/60 火炮是在最初的37毫米火炮基础上作出了重要的改进,尽管这样它仍无法有效对付美军的M4谢尔曼坦克和苏军的T34/76坦克。在1941-1942年,克虏伯公司有一个不成功的尝试,即给Ausf J型坦克安装一个四号Ausf G型坦克的炮塔,从而创造一个新的三号坦克种类即三号Ausf K型坦克。

From August to November of 1942, 81 Ausf J tanks were produced as command tanks - Panzerbefehlswagen III mit 5cm KwK L/42 / Sd.Kfz.141. From March to September of 1943, additional 104 Ausf J were converted as well. The vehicle was basic Ausf J tank but lacked hull machine gun and carried less ammunition (75 rounds). It was fitted additional radio equipment and periscope.
In June of 1942, Ausf L tank entered production. 653 were produced by Daimler-Benz, MAN, Alkett, Henschel, Wegmann, MNH and MIAG until December of 1942 (chassis numbers 74101-75500). Ausf L was armed with 50mm KwK 39 L/60 gun and two 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns. Externally it was almost identical to late model Ausf J as it was developed by modifying it. The main difference was new torsion bar gun counter balance, which replaced the original the coil spring gun recoil mechanism. Armor protection of the front turret was increased from 30mm to 57mm and 20mm spaced armor was installed on the superstructure front and in many cases on the gun mantlet. The design of the vehicle was simplified as rear deck was modified (air-intakes and hatches) and early in production hull escape hatches, loader's vision port on the mantlet and turret side ports were removed. Ausf L was also mounted with new special system to transfer heated engine coolant from one vehicle to another. Single Ausf L was mounted with an experimental 75/55mm tapered-bore KwK0725 gun and was designated as PzKpfw III Ausf L mit Waffe 0725. Vehicles send to North Africa were equipped with additional air filters, modified oil filters different cooling fan reduction ratio and were designated as Ausf L(Tp). Ausf L was also first to be mounted with anti-aircraft machine gun mount (Fliegerbeschussgerat 41/42) on commander's cupola. This became standard on al new PzKpfw III tanks and was mounted on older models during service. Many were mounted with 5mm hull and turret armor skirts (Schurzen).
从1942年8月到10月,81量Ausf J型坦克做为指挥坦克出产。从1943年8月到11月另外104辆Ausf J型坦克也被修改。车辆基于Ausf J型坦克,但是没有车体机qiang并且携带了更少量的彈藥(75枚),为此安装了额外的通讯设备和潜望镜。
1942年6月,Ausf L型坦克投入生产。到1942年12月,由戴姆勒-奔驰、奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂、Alkett、亨舍尔、Wegmann、MNH和MIAG公司一共生产了653辆Ausf L型坦克。(地盘编号为74101-75500)。Ausf L型坦克装备一门50mm KwK 39 L/60火炮和两挺7.92mm MG 34机qiang。L型是由后期J型改进而来,因而它们外形上非常相似。主要的区别在于新的扭杆炮台平衡系统,它取代了原来的弹簧火炮的反冲机制。which replaced the original the coil spring gun recoil mechanism 前部炮塔的装甲增加到30-57毫米,同时在上部结构的前部加挂20mm附加装甲。很多情况下,安在在火炮掩体上。车体的设计非常简单,只是后面的掩体(空气进入口和舱口)和早期的车体逃生口被修改了。装弹员观察口和炮塔边的出口被改动。Ausf L型坦克安装了一个特殊的系统可以将热能冷却液从一个车辆转移到另一个车辆。Ausf L型坦克安装了一个试验用75/55mm 锥形转孔 KwK0725火炮。命名为PzKpfw III Ausf L mit Waffe 0725。送到北非的车辆装备了额外的空气过滤器,改进了汽油过滤器不同冷却风扇的压缩率,他们被称为Ausf L(Tp)。Ausf L是第一辆在指挥炮塔上安装防空炮的(Fliegerbeschussgerat 41/42)坦克。这些已经变成了新三号坦克一个标准并且也装备在以前服役的老坦克上。有些还加装了5mm装甲裙。


From October of 1942 to February of 1943, 250 new Ausf M (10-serie) tanks were produced by Wegmann, MIAG, MAN and MNH (chassis numbers 76101-77800). Ausf M was late production model Ausf L mounted with new wading equipment allowing wading up to depth of approximately 1.3m, in contrast to previous 0.8-0.9m. This led to all air inlets and outlets as well as other openings and joints being sealed, while modified muffler with closure-valve was installed high on the hull rear. The new system was developed and modified version used in Tauchpanzer III submersible wading tanks. The hull rear mounted rack of five smoke generators was replaced by three 90mm NbK dischargers mounted forward on both sides of the turret. Ausf M just as Ausf L was armed with 50mm KwK 39 L/60 gun and two 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns. Vehicles produced in 1943 were factory mounted with 5mm hull and turret armor skirts (Schurzen). Large number of Ausf M was converted to either Sturmgeschütz III or Ausf N.
从1942年10月到1943年2月,250辆新的Ausf M型坦克(10系列)由Wegmann, MIAG, 奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂和 MNH公司联合生产(地盘编号为76101-77800)。Ausf M比Ausf L晚些时候生产,安装了新的涉水设备,允许涉水深度大约为1.3m,之前的只有0.8-0.9米。这使得所有的近气口、出气口和其他的开口密封连接。虽然用关闭阀改变的消音器安装在车体的后方。新的系统被生产他的修改版本使用在Tauchpanzer III潜水坦克上。The hull rear mounted rack of five smoke generators was replaced by three 90mm NbK dischargers mounted forward on both sides of the turret. 1943年生产的车辆安装了5毫米装甲裙。很大数量的Ausf M型坦克被改成了Sturmgeschütz III 或者Ausf N型坦克(Schurzen).

Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf E/F in Russian village.(三号Ausf E/F型坦克在俄罗斯小镇)


From February of 1943 to April of 1943, 100 Ausf M tanks produced by MIAG in Braunsweig (chassis numbers 77609-77708) were converted by Wegmann in Kassel to Flammpanzer - flame-thrower tanks. New vehicles were designated as PzKpfw III (Fl) / Sd.Kfz 141/3. They were also commonly known as Flammpanzer III or Panzerflammwagen III. It was unmodified Ausf M tank with additional 30mm to 50mm armor plates welded on for protection to the hull front. This was done, as Flammpanzer III tanks had to get closer to their targets being vulnerable to enemy fire. In contrast to regular tanks, it was operated by three men crew composed of commander/flame gunner, radio operator/hull gunner and driver. The main gun and internal ammunition stowage were replaced with the flame-thrower and fuel tanks. This vehicle was armed with 14mm Flammenwerfer flame-thrower and two 7.92mm MG 34 machine guns. The flame-thrower was mounted in place of the original 50mm gun and concealed in a thick 1.5m long pipe made to appear as standard armament. The flame-thrower could lowered 8 degrees and raised 20 degrees. Each vehicle carried some 1020 liters of inflammable oil (Flammol) in two tanks inside the vehicle. Oil was pumped into the pipe by Koebe pump driven by two-stroke DKW engine and was ignited by an electric charge (Smitskerzen). The supply of oil allowed some 125 one second or some 80 to 81 two to three seconds long bursts. The maximum range of the flame-thrower was 60m using ignited oil and 50m using cold oil. The range also depended on the weather conditions.

从1943年2月到1943年4月,共有100辆Ausf M型坦克在Braunsweig被MIAG生产(地盘编号为77609-77708)在卡塞尔的Wegmann公司改装为带喷火器的坦克。新车辆被成为PzKpfw III (Fl) / Sd.Kfz 141/3。它们一般也被称为火焰喷射三号坦克或者装甲三号火焰喷射坦克。它没做什么修改,只是在车体的前部焊接了30-50毫米不等的附加装甲板。这是由于作为火焰喷射三号坦克,需要离他们的目标很近,很容易受到敌人的攻击。与一般的坦克相比,它只有三名成员,由车长兼火焰喷射手、无线电话务员兼机qiang手和驾驶员。主要的火炮和内部的彈藥仓库被火焰喷射器和燃料取代。车辆装备14毫米的火焰喷射器和两挺7.92mm MG 34机qiang。火焰喷射器被安在最初50毫米火炮的位置,隐藏在一根长1.5m的厚厚的钢管里面,这个作为标准的装备。喷射器的活动角度为-8到+20度。车辆内部可以携带1020升易燃油料。油料被双冲程DKW发动机从泵里抽到管里,通过电荷点火。车辆提供的油料可以允许125次一秒的喷射或者80-81次2~3秒的喷射。如果使用点燃油料,喷射的最大范围为60米。如果使用冷油料喷射的范围为50米。这个范围也取决与天气情况。



Flammpanzer III was designed in mind with fighting in the urban areas such as Stalingrad, but it was never to reach its destination. Eventually, Flammpanzer III equipped Panzer Regiment's (Panzer Abteilung) Flame-thrower Platoons (Panzer-Flamm-Zug), each with seven vehicles. A report dated May 5th of 1941 gives the following distribution of the vehicles: 28 to Panzer Division Grossdeutschland, 15 to 6th Panzer Division, 14 to 1st Panzer Division, 14 to 24th Panzer Division, 14 to 26th Panzer Division and 7 to 16th Panzer Division along with single vehicle to Schule Wunsdorf. Report from 1943, states that from March to December, Flammpanzer III tanks were serving with following Panzer Divisions: 1st, 6th, 11th, 14th, 24th and Grossdeutschland in Russia and 16th and 26th in Italy. In July of 1943, 41 flame-thrower tanks were reported in service with 6th, 10th and Grossdeutschland Panzer Divisions in preparation for the attack on Kursk. Flammpanzer III's design proved to be unsuccessful and vehicles returned for repairs (35) were rebuilt into standard combat tanks or Sturmgeschutz III assault guns / tank destroyers. In November of 1944, only 10 out of original 100 were repaired and issued to Panzer-Flamm-Kompanie 351, which saw service as late as April of 1945 with Heeres Gruppe Sud. Today, Panzerkampfwagen III (Fl) (chassis number 77651) captured in Italy can be seen in Koblenz Museum in Germany after being transferred to the museum from Aberdeen Proving Grounds in U.S.A.
第五轻装甲师的装甲三号Ausf H型坦克(即原来的第三装甲师第五装甲大队)在1941年利比亚。火焰喷射三号坦克设计是为了在城市中的战斗设计的,例如在斯大林,但是他从来没有达到过目的。最终,火焰喷射三号坦克被装备在装甲团(装甲大队)火焰喷射排中,每个团有7辆这样的车辆。一份报告表明,1941年5月5日车辆分布如下,大德意志师28辆,第6装甲师15辆,第1装甲师14辆,第24装甲师14辆,第26装甲师14辆,第16装甲师7辆6。还有1辆被送交德军温斯多夫战车学校(Schule Wunsdorf)。1943年的报告表示,从3月到12月火焰喷射三号坦克分别服役在俄罗斯的第1、6、11、14、24装甲师和"大德意志”装甲师(Grossdeutschland),还有意大利的第16和26装甲师。在1943年7月,41辆火焰喷射坦克在第6、10和"大德意志”装甲师(Grossdeutschland)服役,准备进行对库尔斯克的攻击。该型喷火坦克并不成功,后来有35辆被改装了回了标准的三号坦克或三号突击炮。1944年11月,返修的100辆三号喷火坦克中只有10辆出厂,并于1945年4月组建了属于南方集团军群麾下的第351装甲喷火连。今天,在意大利科布伦次(Koblenz)博物馆里还能找到一辆从美国美国马里兰州运来的三号坦克Fl型(底盘号77651)。




In June of 1942, last PzKpfw III model entered production. New model Ausf N was produced until August of 1943 by Henschel, Wegmann, MNH, MIAG and MAN (chassis numbers 73851-77800). Ausf N tanks were produced on Ausf J (3), L (447) and M (213) chassis with total of 663 made. 37 additional Ausf N tanks were converted from rebuilt older PzKpfw III tanks. PzKpfw III Ausf N was also known as Sturmpanzer III. Ausf N was the same as Ausf J, L and M with the main difference being its main armament. It was armed with short 75mm KwK 37 L/24, originally used in PzKpfw IV Ausf A to F1 tanks, which then rearmed with longer 75mm guns. Additional armament consisted of standard two MG 34 machine guns. The internal ammunition stowage was modified and 56 (based on Ausf L chassis) or 64 (based on Ausf M chassis) rounds were carried. Ausf N did not have spaced armor as previous models because of the weight of the new 75mm gun. Late production vehicles were fitted with modified type of commander's cupola with single hatch instead of two-piece one as well as one-piece side turret hatches. Number of late vehicles was mounted with commander's cupola used in PzKpfw IV Ausf G tanks. Vehicles produced from March of 1943 were factory mounted with 5mm hull and turret armor skirts (Schurzen). In addition, vehicles produced from early 1943 were factory applied with Zimmerit - anti-magentic paste. PzKpfw III Ausf N tanks were used for close support role. They were either assigned to Tiger Battalions (sPzAbt/sSSPzAbt) as a way to protect them from enemy infantry or to Panzer-Grenadier Divisions. Some source also state that variant designated Ausf O existed, although there is no proof of its existence.

在1942年6月,三号坦克的最后一个类型投入生产。新型号Ausf N直到1943年8月由亨舍尔、Wegmann、MNH、MIAG和奥格斯堡-纽伦堡机械厂联合生产。(地盘编号为73851-77800)。Ausf N坦克从J型改装了3辆,L型改装了447辆,M型改装了213辆,总共有663辆旧型号接受了改装。还有37辆额外的N型从不同的三号坦克早期型改装而来。装甲三号Ausf N型坦克通常也被称为突击式的三型坦克。Ausf N与Ausf J, L 和 M型号相同,主要区别是主要的装备不同。Ausf N装备短管的75mm KwK 37 L/24火炮,开始这些火炮装备在装甲四号Ausf A 到F1型坦克上。后来这些坦克重新装备上了长管的75mm KwK 37 L/24火炮。附加的武器由两个标准的MG 34机qiang。内部的彈藥储备也改为56枚(基于Ausf L的地盘)或者64枚(基于Ausf M的地盘)。由于重量和新的75mm炮,Ausf N没有像其他3号坦克那样安装额外的装甲。晚些时候的Ausf N安装了四号坦克Ausf G型的带有指挥位置的炮塔。从1943年3月起,N型的炮塔和车体上加装了5毫米装甲护板和炮塔甲群。另外,从1943年初起,各种车行都已经涂有了可以防磁的ZIMMERIT涂层。装甲三号Ausf N坦克被用于近距离支援角色。N型坦克还被装备到“虎式”重坦克营,以避免虎式坦克遭敌步兵或反坦克手的袭击。一些资料显示,有三号坦克O型存在,但资料很少,作为一种应急车辆。


Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf L

The interesting fact is that in 1938, work began on the vehicles which were to replace newly introduced Panzerkampfwagen III and Panzerkampfwagen IV. Daimler-Benz was awarded contract for a new tank, which was to replace Panzerkampfwagen III - VK 2001 (III). It was a completely new design with new chassis and hull layout. It was also designated as GBK - Kampfwagen des Generalbevollmaechtigen (Battle Tank for the Commision for Standardization of Automotive Designs). The work on this tank stopped in December of 1941 and all efforts were focused on the development of a heavier tank - Panther.
Some of the later Panzer III variants were fitted with turret mounted storage bins (Gepack Kasten). Very common were the canister racks mounted on the turret and/or at the rear of the hull. During early stages of Operation Barbarossa in 1941, Panzer IIIs were equipped with single-axle trailers carrying extra fuel in order to increase their radius of operation. During production, PzKpfw III's design underwent many changes including various modifications made on the turret (e.g. cupola, gun mantlet, vision slots, hatches, armor skirts) and hull (e.g. escape hatch, armor skirts) and superstructure (e.g. air intakes, spaced armor, headlights arrangement) components. Since mid 1943, Panzer IIIs were mounted with Schurzen - 5mm armor skirts. During service and repairs, many Panzer III tanks were up-armored, rearmed and re-equipped with new equipment and components creating completely non-standard variants. Vehicles send to North Africa were equipped with additional air filters and different cooling fan reduction ratio. They were designated as (Tp), Tp being short for Tropisch / Trop / Tropen - tropical.
1938年一个有趣的事实,取代新增的装甲三号和四号的坦克开始工作。戴姆勒-奔驰授权生产代替装甲三号VK 2001 (III)的新型坦克。它是一个全新的设计,新的地盘新的车体设计。仍然按照GBKKampfwagen des Generalbevollmaechtigen (战斗坦克委员会标准化汽车设计)设计。这种坦克在1941年12月停工,同时所有的精力都放在了重型豹式坦克的发展上。
某些3号坦克的后期型号安装了储物箱(Gepack Kasten),是一个很常见的小架子,有的在炮塔后有的在车体上。在巴巴罗萨行动的早期,3号坦克都装备有一个单轴拖车,为了携带更多的燃油,以获得更大的活动范围。在生产过程中,三号坦克经历了很多的改进,包括在炮塔(包括炮塔、机qiang掩体、观察槽、舱口、装甲裙)车体(例如胎生舱口、装甲裙)以及上部结构(进气口、间隔装甲、前灯的排列)的组成上的各种改进。从1953年中期,装甲三号坦克就安装了Schurzen(5mm的装甲裙)。在服役和修理的过程中,很多三号坦克被加厚了装甲、重新装备病情重新装备了新的设备和部件,制.造了完全非标准的变体。被送往北非的车辆装备了额外的空气过滤装置和制冷风扇。他们被称为(TP),TP是Tropisch / Trop / Tropen – tropical的简写。


PzKpfw III Ausf N / (Sturmpanzer III) / Sd.Kfz. 141/2

Panzerkampfwagen III saw action in small numbers during the invasion of Poland in September of 1939. Panzer III was designed as platoon commander's vehicle (Zugfuhrerwagen) and was Germany's first true main/medium battle tank. Design of Panzer III came from lessons learned from the combat tested Panzer I and Panzer II. Panzer III formed the bulk of the Panzer Divisions' strength during early years of war. By October of 1943, only five Panzer Divisions on the Eastern Front had one or more Panzer Company equipped with Panzer IIIs. By late 1944, only 79 Panzer IIIs were in service with frontline units on the Eastern Front. Number of PzKpfw IIIs remained in service until the end of the war in places like Norway and Holland.
Panzerkampfwagen III's production was slow and ceased in August of 1943. In the early years, gaps were filled with Czech PzKpfw 35(t) and PzKpfw 38(t), which possessed similar combat value. Its design was also a great help in the development of its bigger brother Panzerkampfwagen IV and shared many common parts with it.
Types Ausf A-J(early) (1936-1941) of Panzer III were called "Short" and types Ausf J(late)-N (1941-1943) were called "Long". Overall around 6000 Panzerkampfwagen IIIs (long and short) were produced. Majority of PzKpfw IIIs was produced by Alkett along with Daimler-Benz, FAMO, Henschel & Sohn, MAN, MIAG, Waggonfabrik Wegmann and MNH.
在1939年9月入侵波兰的战斗中,只有少量的3号坦克参加了战斗。三号坦克被做为部队指挥车辆(Zugfuhrerwagen)并且它是德军的第一种真正的中型坦克。其设计来源于1号和2号在实战中的经验。在战争初期,三号坦克是装甲部队的中坚力量。但是到了1943年10月,在东线,只有五个装甲师还有装备有一个或者更太多的3号坦克装甲团,而到了1944年末,在东线服役的3号坦克仅剩79辆。而在挪威和荷兰的3号坦克一直服役到战争结束。
装甲三号坦克生产缓慢并且停止生产在1943年8月。它所担负的作战任务由捷克生产的,具有相同战斗价值的35t和38t坦克来执行。它的设计对于它的大号兄弟装甲四号坦克的发展有很大的帮助,并且二者分享了很多相同的部分。
装甲三号Ausf A-J(早期型号)(1936-1941)坦克被称为“Short”型,而Ausf J(后期型)-N(1941年-1943年)被称为“Long”型。总计有6000辆装甲三号坦克(包括short和long)被生产。其中的绝大部分是由戴姆勒-奔驰公司、FAMO、Henschel & Sohn、 MAN、 MIAG、 Waggonfabrik Wegmann 和 MNH公司生产的。

Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf F with 50mm L/42 gun.
From the Collection of the Patton Museum, Ft. Knox, Kentucky.

                  Sd.Kfz.141 (Short)
Ausf A          1937          37mm L/45
Ausf B          1937          37mm L/45
Ausf C          1937/38    37 mm L/45
Ausf D          1938          37mm L/45
Ausf E          1938/39      37mm L/45 (early) / 50mm L/42 (late)
Ausf F            1939/40    37mm L/45 (early) / 50mm L/42 (late)
Ausf G          1940/41      37mm L/45 (early) / 50mm L/42 (late)
Ausf H          1940/41      50mm L/42 (early) / 50mm L/60 (late)
Ausf J            1941/42      50mm L/42 (early)

                  Sd.Kfz.          141/1 (Long)
Ausf J            1941/42    50mm L/60 (late) 
Ausf L            1942          50mm L/60 
Ausf M            1942/43    50mm L/60 

                  Sd.Kfz.            141/2 (Long)
Ausf N / (Sturmpanzer III) 1942/43 75mm L/24 

                  Sd.Kfz.141/3 (Long)
Ausf M / (Flamm) 1943 14mm Flammenwerfer 


Sd.Kfz.141 (Short型)
Ausf A                          1937      37mm L/45
Ausf B                          1937      37mm L/45
Ausf C                          1937/38    37mm L/45
Ausf D                          1938      37mmL/45
Ausf E                          1938/39    37mm L/45(早期) / 50mm L/42(晚期)
Ausf F                          1939/40    37mm L/45 (早期)/ 50mm L/42 (晚期)
Ausf G                          1940/41    37mm L/45(早期) / 50mm L/42(晚期)
Ausf H                          1940/41    50mm L/42(早期) / 50mm L/60 (晚期)
Ausf J                          1941/42    50mm L/42(早期)
Sd.Kfz.141/1 (Long型)
Ausf J                          1941/42    50mm L/60(晚期)
Ausf L                        1942      50mm L/60
Ausf M                        1942/43    50mm L/60
Sd.Kfz.141/2 (Long型)
Ausf N / (Sturmpanzer III)      1942/43    75mm L/24 
Sd.Kfz.141/3 (Long型)
Ausf M / (Flamm)                1943      14mm火焰喷射器
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Turrets (110) removed from PzKpfw IIIs converted to other vehicles were used in fortifications of the Atlantic Wall and Hitler's Line in Italy. In 1945, it was decided to utilize obsolete at the time PzKpfw III and mount it with Wirbelwind or Ostwind turrets, designated as Flakpanzer III. 90 were ordered but the end of the war terminated the production.
炮塔(110)被从装甲三号坦克上转移到其他的车辆上,被用在大西洋壁垒和意大利的XTL防线上。在1945年三号坦克被决定废弃,同时安上了 Wirbelwind or Ostwind 炮塔,成为三号防空战车。90量这样的车辆被预定,但是由于战争结束中止了生产。



PzKpfw III Ausf H mounted with 150mm s.I.G.33 gun, North Africa.


The most interesting conversion was done by German troops in North Africa, who converted damaged Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf H to 150mm s.I.G.33 gun carrier by using components (such as gun itself, gun shield, superstructure sides with tool stowage and ammunition racks) from Sturmpanzer II Bison (lengthened version).
Two PzKpfw III tanks were also sold to the Soviet Union in the Summer of 1940 under the Ribbentrop-Molotov treaty, where they were tested along with early T-34/76 tanks. German PzKpfw III proved to be faster than Soviet T-34/76 and BT-7, reaching maximum speed of 69km/h. Soviet T-34 was far superior in armored protection and armament but lacked in ergonomics and overall reliability, when compared to German PzKpfw III tanks. Also PzKpfw III was less noisy than Soviet T-34 - e.g. T-34 could be heard from 450m, while PzKpfw III from 150-200m.
Panzerkampfwagen III was also exported to other nations especially Germany's Allies or pro-German states. First country to receive PzKpfw III was Hungary (10), followed by Romania (11 Ausf N), Bulgaria (10 Ausf N) and Slovakia (7 Ausf N). Small number of Ausf L and N tanks was also exported to Croatia. Large number (56) was ordered by Turkey but transaction was never finalized due to the war situation, although supposedly some (20-22?) were delivered.
最有趣的改造是由北非的德国部队完成的。他们曾经用Sturmpanzer II Bison (lengthened version)的零部件(如:炮体本身,炮台,车身上部结构等)把毁灭三号Ausf H型坦克改成150mm s.I.G.33 火炮。
1940年夏天在里宾特洛甫-莫洛托夫条约下,两辆装甲三号坦克被卖到苏联。在那里他们同早期的T-34/76、BT-7坦克一起试验,它的最大速度可以达到每小时69千米。苏联的T-34在装甲防护和装备上远由于装甲三号,但是在功效和整体可靠性上不如装甲三号坦克。装甲三号坦克比苏联的T-34噪音要低下。例如:T-34坦克在距离450米的时候可以被听到,而装甲三号坦克要在距离150-200米时才能被听到。
装甲三号坦克也出口到其他国家,特别是德国额盟国或者亲德国国家。第一个收到装甲三号坦克的国家是匈牙利(10辆),接下来是罗马尼亚(11辆Ausf N),保加利亚(10辆Ausf N),斯洛伐克(7辆Ausf N)。少量的ausf L及N型坦克还出口到克罗地亚。大量的(56辆)坦克被土耳其定购,但是由于战争原因交易最终没有敲定。但是据推测有一些(20-22辆)已经交货。

PzKpfw III Ausf G and IV Ausf F1 of Lt. N.Baryshev's platoon
from 107th Independent Tank Battalion
Volkhov Front, July 6th of 1942.
From 1941 to 1943, Russians captured large numbers of PzKpfw III, Sturmgeschutz III and PzKpfw IV. Some were pressed into temporary service (e.g. being used as "Trojan Horses" or as "bait") , while some were converted to assault guns designated SU-76i and SG-122A.
Interesting fact is that Polish Tank Platoon of the Carpathian Lancers received captured (7 or 8) PzKpfw III for training purposes, while in Egypt in August of 1942.
The most successful conversion based Panzerkampfwagen III's chassis was Sturmgeschutz III - assault gun/tank destroyer series, which remained in service with Finnish Army as late as 1967.
从1941年到1943年,俄国人俘虏了大量的装甲三号、突击三号、和装甲四号坦克。一些迫使作临时(例如被用在“特洛伊木马”或者“诱饵”战斗中),一些安装了攻击型火炮被称为SU-76i 和 SG-122A。
有趣的是在1942年8月,波兰的喀尔巴阡山的骑兵为了训练,俘虏了(7到8辆)突击三号坦克。
很多成功的变形都是基于三号坦克的地盘,即突击三号的攻击火炮或者坦克驱逐系列,这些型号坦克一直在芬兰部队服役,直到1967年。

Norwegian PzKpfw III tanks at Trandum, 1949.
Photo and information provided by Thorleif Olsson.

After the war ended, some 32 PzKpfw III were used by Norway along with Stug III Ausf Gs.
For more info visit Norwegian Panzers article.
Small number of PzKpfw III tanks was also used by Czechoslovakia, including 4 rebuild Flammpanzer III tanks.
Panzerkampfwagen III gained a reputation for being a highly reliable and effective vehicle, which shaped tank development plans of both German and Allied tank builders. It was the best German tank in the first part of the war, but by 1943 it was largely obsolete
战争结束后,大约有32辆装甲三号坦克随着突击三号Ausf G型坦克使用。
少量的三号坦克在斯洛伐克使用,包括4辆重建的三号火焰喷射坦克。装甲三号坦克赢得了一个可靠高性能的声誉,这些是由德国和盟军的坦克设计者制定的。这也是战争初期做好的德国坦克,但是在1943年它已经过时。


Panzerkampfwagen III Ausf H(U) - Tauchfahig
(U-Panzer / Submersible Tank)

This U-Panzer belonged to the 18th Panzer Division's 18th Panzer Regiment. This photo was taken during the crossing of the River Bug at Patulin on 22nd June of 1941. During the preparation for invasion of England - Operation Seelöwe (Sealion), Panzer III and Panzer IV were converted into submersible tanks able to travel on the bottom of body of water at the depths of 6 to 15 meters. From June to October of 1940, 160 Panzer III Ausf F/G/H and 8 Panzerbefehlswagen III Ausf E along with 42 Panzer IV Ausf Ds were converted into U-Panzers / Tauchpanzers. After extensive tests and modifications U-Panzer were ready for action. Since Operation Sealion was never realized, Tauchpanzer IIIs and IVs were used during Operation Barbarossa (crossing river Bug at Patulin), in service with 3rd (6th Panzer Regiment) and 18th Panzer Division. It was also planned to use U-Panzers in never realized invasion on the island of Malta.
U型装甲坦克属于第18装甲师18装甲团。这是在1941年6月22日,一辆正在通过河流的坦克。正在准备入侵英格兰执行海狮计划。装甲三号和四号坦克被变成潜水坦克,能够在深6-15米的河底行动。从1940年10月到6月,160辆装甲三号Ausf F/G/H型坦克、8辆观察三号Ausf E型坦克和42辆装甲四号Ausf D坦克被改装成U型装甲坦克。经过广泛的测试和修改,U型装甲坦克准备行动。由于“海狮”计划没有实现Tauchpanzer 三号和四号坦克备用来执行巴巴罗萨,他们服役在第三(第六装甲团)和第十八装甲师。U型坦克也被计划使用在从来没有实现的入侵马耳他岛计划。



Specifications
Model:                            Ausf H                                                  Ausf L/M
Weight:                          21800kg                                                22700kg
Crew:                                5 men                                                    5 men
Engine:      Maybach HL 120 TRM / 12-cylinder / 265hp  Maybach HL 120 TRM / 12-cylinder / 265hp
Speed: Road: 40km/h
Cross-Country: 20km/h Road: 40km/h
Cross-Country: 20km/h
Range: Road: 165km
Cross-Country: 105km Road: 155km
Cross-Country: 95km
Fuel Capacity: 320 litres 320 litres
Lenght: 5.52m (with the gun) 6.41m (with the gun)
5.56m (w/o the gun)
Width: 2.95m 2.95m
Height: 2.50m 2.50m
Armament: 50mm KwK 38 L/42
2 x 7.92mm MG34
(1 x MG - hull)
(1 x MG - coax)  50mm KwK 39 L/60
2 x 7.92mm MG34
(1 x MG - hull)
(1 x MG - coax) 
Ammo: 50mm - 99 rounds
7.92mm - 2700 rounds  50mm - 92 rounds
7.92mm - 3750 rounds
Armor (mm/angle): Front Turret: 30/13
Front Upper Hull: 30+30/90
Front Lower Hull: 30+30/23
Side Turret: 30/25
Side Upper Hull: 30/0
Side Lower Hull: 30/0
Rear Turret: 30/13
Rear Upper Hull: 30/30
Rear Lower Hull: 30+30/8
Turret Top / Bottom: 10/89
Upper Hull Top / Bottom: 17/77
Lower Hull Top / Bottom: 16/90
Gun Mantlet: 37/0  Front Turret: 57/15
Front Upper Hull: 50+20/9
Front Lower Hull: 50/21
Side Turret: 30/25
Side Upper Hull: 30/0
Side Lower Hull: 30/0
Rear Turret: 30/12
Rear Upper Hull: 50/17
Rear Lower Hull: 50/9
Turret Top / Bottom: 10/83
Upper Hull Top / Bottom: 18/79
Lower Hull Top / Bottom: 16/90
Gun Mantlet: 50+20/0 


规则手册【说明书】
型号:    Ausf H                                                Ausf L/M
重量:    21800千克                          22700千克
成员:    5 人                            5 人
动力:    Maybach HL 120 TRM / 12-cylinder / 265hp    Maybach HL 120 TRM / 12-cylinder / 265hp
速度:    公路: 40km/h 越野: 20km/h              公路: 40km/h越野: 20km/h
射程:    公路: 165km 越野: 105km/h            公路: 155km 越野: 95km
燃料容量:    320 升                          320升
长:    5.52m (包括火炮)                  6.41m (包括火炮)
5.56m (w/o the gun)
宽:    2.95m    2.95m
高:    2.50m    2.50m
武器:    50mm KwK 38 L/42                    50mm KwK 39 L/60
                    2 x 7.92mm MG34                        2 x 7.92mm MG34
                      (1 x MG - hull)                                  (1 x MG - hull)
                        (1 x MG - coax)                              (1 x MG - coax)
                                                                           
彈藥:    50mm - 99 发                  50mm - 92发
          7.92mm - 2700发            7.92mm - 3750发



装甲 (毫米/角度): 炮塔前部: 30/13
                                车体前上部: 30+30/90 
                                车体前下部: 30+30/23 
                                炮塔侧面: 30/25 
                                车体侧上部: 30/0
                                车体侧下部: 30/0 
                                炮塔后部: 30/13                               
                                车体后上部 30/30
                                车体后下部: 30+30/8
                                炮塔顶部/底部: 10/89 
                                上车体顶 /底: 17/77 
                                下车体顶/ 底: 16/90 
                                炮盾: 37/0  炮塔前部: 57/15
                                车体前上部: 50+20/9
                                车体前下部: 50/21
                                炮塔侧面: 30/25
                                车体侧上部: 30/0
                                车体侧下部: 30/0
                                炮塔后部: 30/12 
                                车体后下部: 50/17 
                                车体后下部: 50/9
                                炮塔顶部/底部: 10/83 
                                上车体顶 /底: 18/79 
                                下车体顶/ 底: 16/90 
                                炮盾:  50+20/0   




50mm KwK 38 L/42
Penetration of Armor Plate at 30 degrees from Vertical. 
Ammunition:  100m  500m  1000m  1500m  2000m 
Panzergranate 39  54mm  46mm  36mm  28mm  22mm 
Panzergranate 40  96mm  58mm  0mm  0mm  0mm 
对车辆上30度角的装甲板的穿透能力. 
彈藥:              100米  500米  1000米  1500米  2000米 
39型穿甲弹  54毫米  46毫米  36毫米  28毫米  22毫米 
40型穿甲弹  96毫米  58毫米  0毫米 0毫米  0毫米





50mm KwK 39 L/60
Penetration of Armor Plate at 30 degrees from Vertical. 
Ammunition:  100m  500m  1000m  1500m  2000m 
Panzergranate 39  67mm  57mm  44mm  34mm  26mm 
Panzergranate 40  130mm  72mm  38mm  0mm  0mm 
50mm KwK 39 L/60
对车辆上30度角的装甲板的穿透能力. 
彈藥:              100米  500米  1000米  1500米  2000米 
39型穿甲弹  67毫米  57毫米  44毫米  34毫米  26毫米 
40型穿甲弹  130毫米  72毫米  38毫米 0毫米  0毫米

抢修三号坦克--斯大林格勒 1942年











[顶端] 2008-08-19 14:36 | 1 楼
 上尉的luger
  帅哥 45365
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二级贡献勋章三级功绩勋章
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最后登录:2009-01-09 军衔:德国SS旗队长
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 军团:国防军第25重型装甲团
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这个是LZ自己翻译的吗?

如果我们为命运女神所抛弃,如果我们从此不能回到故乡,如果子弹结束了我们的生命,如果我们在劫难逃,那至少我们忠实的坦克,会给我们一个金属的坟墓
[顶端] 2008-08-19 15:13 | 2 楼
 liuqi
  帅哥 50676
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我是比较喜欢德国二战时期的豹式和虎式坦克,那是德国技术比其它国都要强!
[顶端] 2008-08-19 18:03 | 3 楼
 basten0218
  美女 15656
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三号其实非常一般,但是靠着通讯指挥上面的优势,取得的战果还是很不错的
后期以其为基础进行很多改进,但基本上脱离了坦克本行
四号的潜力巨大,改进起来也成功得多,事实上德国人做的最成功的就是四号坦克~
[顶端] 2008-08-19 20:08 | 4 楼
 金月神鸡
  中性 51835
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二战时期德国的豹式和虎式这两种坦克,都是德国技术表现,我非常喜欢它们.
[顶端] 2008-08-19 21:15 | 5 楼
 erwinf16
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这个模型做的......太牛了!1:35能搞成这样,服了
[顶端] 2008-08-20 13:01 | 6 楼
 zhongzheng
  帅哥 3224
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3突就是很经典的武器。尤其是长身管3突。
[顶端] 2008-08-27 08:56 | 7 楼
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